Rutabagas require a longer growing season, but need to mature in cool weather, so you should plant them from late May to early June for a fall crop. Plant seeds one to two inches apart in rows 18-30 inches apart.

Plant turnips in an area that receives full sun (although they can also thrive in partial shade). Space your seeds about an inch apart and cover them with roughly half an inch of garden soil. Thin turnip seedlings. When seedlings emerge, thin your crop to one turnip every 4-6 inches.

Sow beet seeds in rows 10cm (4inc) apart, with a row gap of 20cm (8in), or in blocks 15cm (6in) apart each way. Make a hole about 2cm (1in) deep with a dibber or your finger then drop the seed capsule in space wide rows 12-24 inches (30-61cm) apart.

Spacing between rows requirements are 16-24 inches. Plant with a space between plants of 1-3 inches at a depth of 1/2 inch, or thin carrot seedlings after they sprout. This is important, as if your carrots are crowded, they will not be able to grow straight and round!

Cabbage is easy to transplant. Plant so that 1-2" of the main stem is burried. Space according to the directions on the label, generally 12-24 inches apart in a row, depending on the variety and size of the head it makes.

If starting seeds outdoors, sow seeds 1/2-inch deep and 3 inches apart. Once seedlings reach a height of 2-3 inches, thin them so that plants are 12-20 inches apart. If planted in rows, space rows 24 inches apart to give yourself enough room to walk between them, but you can plant 2-3 abreast in a row to minimize aisle space.

Plant seeds 1 inch deep (slightly deeper if soil tends to dry out quickly) and about 2 inches apart. Plant in rows spaced 12-24 inches apart.

Try to space seeds about a half-inch apart. After sowing, cover seeds with about 1/4 inch of planting mix and pat the area gently to ensure good seed-to-soil contact. Water carefully with a fine spray so you don't dislodge or wash away the seeds. Keep the seed bed moist and seedlings will begin to sprout in a week or so. In rows 12 inches apart, sow seed directly in the ground 1/2 inch deep and cover with fine soil.

Throw the seeds onto the ground and cover with barely half an inch of soil, then water and watch them grow. Radishes are always grown from seed directly into the soil where they will grow to maturity and do not need to be started indoors and then transplanted. Directly sow seeds outdoors 1/2 to 1 inch deep and 1 inch apart in rows 12 inches apart. Plant another round of seeds every 10 days or so - while weather is still cool - for a continuous harvest of radishes in the late spring and early summer. Plan on a fall planting. Sow radish seed 1/2 inch (12 mm) deep and 1 inch (2.5cm) apart; thin successful seedlings from 1-4 inches (2.5-10cm) apart in wide rows depending upon the variety. allow greater room for winter varieties. Space single rows or mounded ridges 10-16 inches (25-40cm) apart.

Sow bush been seeds 1 inch deep and 2 inches apart in rows 18 inches apart. Plant a little deeper in sandy soils (but not too deep). For pole beans, set up trellises or tepees prior to planting so that the plants' fragile roots are not disturbed. Plant pole bean seeds about 1 inch deep and 3 inches apart. Sow bush bean seeds 1 inch deep and 2 inches apart in rows 18 inches apart. Plant a little deeper in sandy soils (but not too deep). For pole beans, set up trellises or tepees prior to planting so that the plants' fragile roots are not disturbed. plant pole bean seeds about 1 inch deep and 3 inches apart.

Marigolds will grow in a wide range of soil types and conditions. all they really demand is plenty of sunlight. as long as you plant them in areas of full sun, they should be particularly yrouble-free plants. For best results, thin or transplant young marigolds while they are still small, spacing French and Signet types 8-10 inches apart. Larger American varieties should be at least 10-12 inches apart. Marigolds grown in containers can become a bit crowded.

Plan spinach seeds an inch apart in rows 14-18 inches apart and cover the seeds with a 1/2 inch of soil. Keep the soil moist and after the seeds germinate thin them to stand 2-5 inches apart. Most gardeners like to do this in several passes to determine the strongest plants to save.

Space kale 18-24 inches apart in an area with full sun and well-drained, fertile soil with a pH of 6.5 to 6.8. Improve native soil by mixing in several inches of aged compost or other rich organic matter. Kale is a fast grower, so keep the soil moist by giving it 1